Women are also known to have the capacity for multitasking. The aim of this article is to synthesize the various views of gender inequality and various indicators used to measure it. Pdf a gender analysis of the nigerian national gender. Education from a gender equality perspective with final. Productive differences as espoused by the traditional neoclassical as well as the institutions. It implies that states with higher educational attainment are. The united nations population fund believe that economic growth and social equality should go hand in hand, arguing that gender inequality holds back growth of individuals, development of countries, and the evolution of societies, to the disadvantage of men and women. Pdf the problem of gender inequality is an issue that bothers most countries especially in the developing countries. Gender discrimination and feminism in nigeria gender hub. In fact the rising rate of income inequality in the nigerian economy is usually one of the unpleasant results of economic growth without. Ogunnupe department of agricultural economics, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria. There exist a wide range of inequality between men and women in attaining certain positions in nigeria. Nigeria is the country with the lowest share of female parliamentarians in subsaharan africa page 20.
President buhari of nigeria has said that he believes inequality is leading to growing anger and frustration. This policy provided, interalia, for affirmative action to increase to 35 percent womens representation in the legislative and executive arms of government. An analysis of gender inequality and national gender policy in nigeria by sani mustapha kura ramat polytechnic, maiduguri, department of social services, p. In 2011, it was reported that 80% of the worlds wealth was in the hands of 20% of the richest population. Despite this recognition in both academic and policy circles, gender issues are often excluded from the design and planning of empirical research and data collection both at the micro and macro levels. It is generally believed that women are best suited as home keepers. In nigeria, concerns have been expressed on the glaring educational inequalities in the education sector which has created a lot of gaps and marginalization among groups in the education sectors. It has been observed across the world, particularly in africa, that womanhood is now. We also suggested strategies to ensure gender equality in all sectors in nigeria. It argues that women lag behind men in most indicators of socioeconomic development and they constitute the majority of the poor, the unemployed and the socially disadvantaged. This policy provided, interalia, for affirmative action to increase to 35 percent womens representation in the. Health services inequalities in nigeria sciencedirect.
Using feminists frameworks for analysing gender mainstreaming models. As a result, the gap created by the oil boom of agricultural and nonagricultural profits finally stabilized. The focus on minimising gender inequality should still be on education and the case for more education for women largely is a strong one. The paper is a foray of issues in gender inequality in nigeria with a view to proffering solutions. This paper, published in the international journal of economics, commerce and management, discusses the extent of gender discrimination in nigeria from a feminist perspective. Adopting granger causality techniques, this study finds out that there is a direct line of causality between poverty and inequality as well as indirect channels through unemployment and low life expectancy on inequality which exacerbate. In nigeria, the statistic is not that different, for instance, male students comprised 5. Nigeria exhibits high interregional heterogeneity in terms of hiv prevalence and. It observes that despite nigerias ratification of virtually all international instruments on. In doing so, it is hoped that the paper will conclusively answer the question. From theoretical point of view, many developing countries suffer from significant economic dualismin which a relatively highwage, highincome economy appears to exist within a much less. Gender inequality and the global economy the guardian.
Sep 03, 2015 nigeria is widely known for its oil wealth, widespread corruption and massive inequality, all of which are not unrelated newly elected nigerian president muhamadu buhari recently visited president obama in the oval office to discuss how the two nations could cooperate more closely on counterterrorism specifically the threat of the extremist group boko haram in the north of the country. The 1999 constitution provided promotion and protection of womens right in nigeria. Wealth inequality as a predictor of hivrelated knowledge in nigeria. Gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls in. From theoretical point of view, many developing countries suffer from significant economic dualismin which a relatively highwage, highincome economy appears to exist within a much less developed economyand that this dualism typically has a. Yero department of social studies college of education, jalingo, p. This is not an example of the work produced by our essay writing service. The aim of the study was to basically know the major causes of gender inequality in nigeria. Abstract income inequality is detrimental to economic growth and development. Gender equality is a key factor in contributing to the economic growth of a nation. The current study, therefore, investigates wealth inequality and other. Education and gender inequality in nigeria have focused on a variety of physical, social, and cognitive contexts. This background paper on gender issues in ghana has been prepared as an initial input into the development of a wid strategy for ghana by the overseas development administration uk. The way forward makama, godiya allanana department of political science, faculty of social sciences.
Quantitative analysis of impact of growth on poverty and inequality in nigeria. The main objective of the paper therefore is to investigate the problem of gender inequality in employment in nigeria, specifically decent employment. In spite of the extensive discussions in various conferences, academic debate and fora the issue of gender imbalance and poor women participation in politics is still very low. Gender and social inequality the guardian nigeria news. Gender inequality has been a topical issue in academic debate in nigeria. This study aimed to critically analyse the specific socioeconomic and political gender issues responsible for the continuous perpetuation of gender inequality in nigeria. In discussing health services inequalities in nigeria, i will focus on three important issues, namely. The federal government adopted the national policy on women in july, 2000. An empirical study of gender discrimination and employee. Effect of gender inequality on economic growth in nigeria. The human inequality coefficient for nigeria is equal to 34. Poverty and inequality in nigeria has strong regional concentrations, resulting in.
Open access, high quality wealth and income inequality data developed by an international academic consortium. The problems of gender inequality in nigeria legit. Belgium bulgaria chile denmark estonia germany iceland ireland italy malaysia poland south africa thailand united kingdom. While disparities in primary and secondary enrolment rates are decreasing, they have not yet been eliminated unesco 2007. The major aim of this paper is to ascertain the level, differential, and prediction of gender equality in nigeria by 2015. An analysis of gender inequality and national gender. Across our outcome variables, a one standard deviation movement in earlylife oil prices changes the. Gender issues in basic education and national development. Yet, more than half of the nigerian population still. This brief explores regional inequality in nigeria, focussing. Gender equality in and through education in nigeria. Software developers at andelas nigeria head quarters in.
Everyone has the right to education despite gender differences. Economic growth and inequality in nigeria munich personal. Despite the eagerness to resolve it, this problem still linger on. Of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements. Secondary data from nigeria demographic and health survey ndhs. An attempt is made to show the various patterns and trends of health services inequalities. There is a negative relationship between educational attainment and inequality. For example, in sokoto state, 81% of the population is poor, while poverty incidence is much lower, at 34%, in niger. Oilrich nigeria still suffers from massive health inequities. Knowledge accumulation and application, especially for women, have become major factors in economic development and are increasingly at the core of a countrys competitive advantage in the global economy. Prepared for the world development report 2009 kate higgins summary. Nigeria had one of the worlds highest economic growth rates, averaging 7. Poverty in all its forms has blighted nigerian society for generations. Gender inequality in nigeria nigeria breaking news.
A service that delivers excel files from the printed page. Such discrepancies also exist within regions and subregions yusuf, 2003. D lecturers,faculty of law nnamdi azikiwe university, awka abstract this paper examines the struggle for gender equality in nigeria. The cover conveys the inequalities in human development of a. Pdf income inequality, unemployment, and poverty in. Jan 08, 20 in 2011, it was reported that 80% of the worlds wealth was in the hands of 20% of the richest population. Though the disproportion was expected, no one anticipated that it would be that bad. Interrogating the gender question for an enhanced political representation in the fourth republic erunke canice esidene and shuaibu umar abdul research assistants, department of political science, nasarawa state university, keffi, nigeria abstract. Inequality and development in nigeria rebeccas thoughts. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles as well as biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal differences. In most parts of nigeria, women are considered subordinate to their male counterparts, especially in northern nigeria. Nigeria, the level of educational attainment vary across regions. You can view samples of our professional work here. The problem of gender inequality is an issue that bothers most countries especially in the developing countries.
The supreme law of nigeria which is the 1999 constitution prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender. Eboiyehi obafemi awolowo university, nigeria the study examined factors encouraging gender inequality in university management in three selected universities in southwestern nigeria. For example, a recent report by the daily independent supports this viewpoint in its headline. Ranking these countries shows that the largest proportion of the poorest girls who have never been to school. Background of the study a nation that is not engendered is endangered. However, certain customary and religious practices have continued to limit the. Jul 15, 2018 the focus on minimising gender inequality should still be on education and the case for more education for women largely is a strong one. Nigerias stark levels of inequality are comparable only to those in brazil, where the richest 5% of the. Since its return to democracy nigeria has realised impressive economic growth. This brief explores the education dimensions of spatial inequality in ghana and examines the model secondary schools policy, which was recently adopted by the government of ghana gog in an attempt to.
In nigeria, not until recently, an important document emerged to redirect gender equality, improved standard of living, and build a just society devoid of discrimination, harness fee fall. Abstractresearch has shown that a recruitment policy devoid of gender discrimination enhances employee performance in an organization. Nigeria is widely known for its oil wealth, widespread corruption and massive inequality, all of which are not unrelated newly elected nigerian president muhamadu buhari recently visited president obama in the oval office to discuss how the two nations could cooperate more closely on counterterrorism specifically the threat of the extremist group boko haram in the north of the. Inequality, polarization and poverty in nigeria taiwo. Regional inequality is high in nigeria, and it translates into higher rates of poverty in the northwestern states of the country. This strategic development results framework, designed for implementing the nigeria national gender policy is the product of an intensive consultative process and hard work by several individuals and institutions. In many developing countries inequality remains on the rise even as the population of absolute poverty declines. More broadly, comparative studies by the imf, undp, unicef and the world bank shows that inequality is. Within regions inequality rather than between regions is the main source of education inequality in nigeria. Despite this recognition in both academic and policy circles, gender issues are often excluded from the design and planning of empirical research and. Human development report 2019 human development reports. Keywords gender equality, women and girls, national security 1. Regional inequality of educational attainment in nigeria. Nigeria, for example, have the highest levels of horizontal.
In recent years, popular media and researchers have given attention to gender inequality and education campbell and sanders 1997. Bridging africas inequality gaps the united nations. Gender inequality in nigeria is influenced by different cultures and beliefs. Abstract in nigeria, it is observed that the womanhood is reduced to a mere infidel and a secondclass citizen, hence, there is the commonality of. The process lasted for 8 months, after the approval of the national gender policy by the federal executive council in 2006. Regional inequality and secondary education in ghana. The issue of gender inequality in nigeria linda anyalebechi medical library college of medicine chukwuemeka odumegwu university teaching hospital, amaku awka abstract the paper is a foray of issues in gender inequality in nigeria with a view to proffering solutions. The west africa inequality crisis oxfam digital repository. By definition, gender inequality can be regarded as the unequal treatment or perception of individuals on the basis of gender.
The issue of gender inequality can be considered as a universal feature of developing countries. Poverty and inequality exhibit common correlates in nigeria. Training more female techies could help close the gender gap in computing. Economic and gender inequality are interconnected and reinforce each other. Gender inequality in the senior management of nigerian universities christiana o. Traditional patterns of gender inequality have been eliminated or even reversed. Analysis of income inequality and poverty dynamics among 100 in the last two decades, creating pockets of poverty situation across the globe clarke et al, 2003. Previous studies in nigeria show that gender discrimination against men and women based on their ethnic. Nigeria is seen as africas largest economy and one of the fastestgrowing in the world. Regional inequality and the niger delta overseas development.
Inequality matters stanford graduate school of education. Oil and ethnic inequality in nigeria 3 health e ects. It contends that the attainment of gender equality is not only an end itself in realising human right issues, but as a prerequisite for the achievement of sustainable. Gender issues in basic education and national development in nigeria. Gender inequality and rolestrained among male nursing. National competitiveness council of nigeria nccn, revealed the alarming gender inequality in the countrys labor force in october 2017, revealing that there were less than 2% women in the labor force in certain states in nigeria.
In nigeria, in spite of the several womens rights outlined in the 1999 constitution, many women do not enjoy the same freedom as men, particularly in the fields of education, economic empowerment and political participation. Emmanuel mayah, chiara mariotti, evelyn mere, celestine okwudili odo downloads crinequalityinnigeria170517en. Nigeria is also at the top of the list of countries with the highest number of children out of school 10. A historical perspective on gender inequality and development in the world economy, c.
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